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Naval ISR fusion principles, operations, and technologies /

"This book explores Radio Access Networks (RANs) within LMR systems, comprising base stations, mobile radios, and hand portable radios. These components facilitate communication among end users via a network of fixed base stations, antennas, and combining systems strategically placed across rad...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Graham, Ian (Author)
Format: Electronic eBook
Language:English
Published: Norwood, MA : Artech House, [2024]
Edition:First edition.
Series:Artech House mobile communications library
Subjects:
Radio > Transmitters and transmission.
Radio resource management (Wireless communications)
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Table of Contents:
  • Designing RF Combining Systems for Shared Radio Sites
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Introduction
  • 1 Repeater Site RF Systems Overview
  • 1.1 Single-Channel Duplexed System
  • 1.2 Multichannel System
  • 2 Surveying the Sites
  • 2.1 Site Survey
  • 2.2 Tower Mapping
  • 2.3 RF Surveys
  • 2.3.1 Spectrum Monitoring
  • 2.3.2 Noise Monitoring
  • 2.4 Tower Structural Survey
  • 3 Essential Background
  • 3.1 Noise in RF Systems
  • 3.1.1 The Behavior of Noise in RF Systems
  • 3.1.2 Noise Figure
  • 3.2 IM
  • 3.2.1 Third-Order IM and Third-Order Intercept Point
  • 3.2.2 Third-Order IM with Unequal Input Signals
  • 3.2.3 Third-Order IM with Three Input Signals
  • 3.2.4 Fifth-Order IM and Fifth-Order IP
  • 3.2.5 Fifth-Order IM with Unequal Input Signals
  • 3.2.6 Fifth-Order IM with Three Input Signals
  • 4 Sources of Interference at Shared Radio Sites
  • 4.1 Transmitter Harmonics
  • 4.2 Transmitter Sideband Noise
  • 4.3 Transmitter IM
  • 4.4 Receiver Blocking
  • 4.5 Receiver IM
  • 4.6 Minimizing Site Interference by Antenna Placement and Frequency Planning
  • 5 Antennas and Site Antenna Systems
  • 5.1 The Isotropic Radiator
  • 5.2 Antenna Specifications
  • 5.2.1 Directivity
  • 5.2.2 Gain
  • 5.2.3 Beamwidth
  • 5.2.4 Reciprocity
  • 5.2.5 E-Plane
  • 5.2.6 H-Plane
  • 5.2.7 Azimuth
  • 5.3 Omnidirectional Antennas
  • 5.3.1 Half-Wave Dipole
  • 5.3.2 Half-Wave Folded Dipole
  • 5.3.3 Quarter-Wave Monopole
  • 5.3.4 Dipole Arrays
  • 5.3.5 Binary Dipole Array
  • 5.3.6 Elliptical Dipole Array
  • 5.3.7 Offset Dipole Array
  • 5.3.8 Colinear Antennas
  • 5.3.9 Dual Antennas
  • 5.4 Directional Antennas
  • 5.4.1 Yagi-Uda
  • 5.4.2 Panel Antennas
  • 5.5 Down-Tilt
  • 5.6 Calculating the Isolation Between Antennas on a Radio Tower
  • 5.6.1 Isolation Between Horizontally Separated Antennas
  • 5.6.2 Isolation Between Vertically Separated Antennas.
  • 5.6.3 Isolation Between Slant Separated Antennas
  • 5.7 Antenna System Topology
  • 5.8 Site Antenna System Design Rules
  • Selected Bibliography
  • 6 Calculating the Interference Threshold
  • 6.1 Calculating the Initial Receiver Sensitivity
  • 6.2 Adding the Effect of Site Noise
  • 6.3 Calculating the 1-dB Interference Threshold
  • 6.4 Accounting for Multiple Interference Mechanisms
  • 6.5 Recalculating the Final Receiver Sensitivity
  • 6.6 Summary
  • Reference
  • 7 Duplexers
  • 7.1 Types of Duplexers
  • 7.2 Specifying Duplexer Design Requirements
  • 7.2.1 Transmit to Antenna Filter
  • 7.2.2 Antenna to Receiver Filter
  • 7.2.3 Final Duplexer Frequency Response
  • 7.3 Duplexers and Passive IM
  • Selected Bibliography
  • 8 Transmitter Combining Systems
  • 8.1 Isolators
  • 8.2 Cavity Filters
  • 8.3 Types of Transmitter Combiners
  • 8.3.1 T-Pass Transmitter Combiners
  • 8.3.2 Star Combiners
  • 8.3.3 Hybrid Combiners
  • 8.3.4 Combinations of Different Types
  • 8.4 Specifying Transmitter Combiner Design Requirements
  • 8.5 Differences for Duplexed Multichannel Systems
  • 8.6 Site Transmitter Combiner Design Rules
  • Selected Bibliography
  • 9 Receiver Multicoupling Systems
  • 9.1 Receiver Sensitivity
  • 9.2 Types of Receiver Multicouplers
  • 9.2.1 Standard Multicoupler
  • 9.2.2 Channelized Multicoupler
  • 9.2.3 Use of Crystal Filters in Channelized Multicouplers
  • 9.3 Use of Tower Top Amplifiers in Receiver Multicouplers
  • 9.4 Correctly Setting the Gain of Receiver Multicoupling Systems
  • 9.5 Calculating Receiver Filter Requirements
  • 9.6 Differences for Duplexed Multichannel Systems
  • 9.7 Site Receiver Multicoupler Design Rules
  • Selected Bibliography
  • 10 Power and Antenna System Monitors
  • 10.1 Power Monitors
  • 10.2 Antenna System Monitors
  • References
  • 11 Transmission Line Systems.
  • 11.1 Transmission Line Systems for Multichannel Site RF System Designs
  • 11.2 Transmission Line Systems for Single-Channel Duplexed RF System Designs
  • 11.3 RF Surge Suppression Devices
  • 11.4 Transmission Line Grounding Devices
  • Selected Bibliography
  • 12 Design Example
  • 12.1 Information Gathering
  • 12.1.1 Site Survey
  • 12.1.2 Tower Mapping
  • 12.1.3 RF Survey
  • 12.2 Antenna System Design
  • 12.3 Calculating the Interference Threshold
  • 12.4 Transmitter Combiner Design
  • 12.5 Receiver Multicoupler Design
  • 12.5.1 Gain Setting
  • 12.5.2 Calculating the Receiver Filter Requirements
  • 12.6 Antenna System Monitor
  • 12.7 Transmission Line System
  • 12.7.1 RF Surge Suppression Devices
  • 12.7.2 Transmission Line Grounding Devices
  • 12.8 The Finished Design
  • 12.9 Concluding Remarks
  • Selected Bibliography
  • About the Author
  • Index.

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